- Analysis of modern requirements supported by Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors in space infrastructure

Abstract

This article is aimed at analyzing modern methods based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors for structural health monitoring of space infrastructure. The space environment, characterized by radiation exposure, wide temperature fluctuations, and mechanical loads, requires highly accurate and long-term monitoring of even minimal deformations.

The study examines the operating principle of FBG sensors, the variation of the Bragg wavelength under the influence of strain and temperature, as well as the impact of ionizing radiation on measurement stability. Three main approaches are proposed: the use of radiation-resistant FBG sensors, real-time monitoring using multiplexed sensor networks, and optimal placement of sensors in regions of maximum deformation combined with intelligent data processing.

The results of the analysis show that the integrated application of these methods ensures high measurement accuracy with a minimal number of sensors, reduces system weight and complexity, and enhances the long-term reliability of space structures.