Оценка фоновой радиации на территории Казахстана методом ЭПР дозиметрии по зубной эмали

Abstract

This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of contemporary studies devoted to EPR dosimetry using tooth enamel. The fundamental aspects of radiation-induced signal formation, their physico-chemical nature, and specific interactions with intrinsic paramagnetic centers are considered. The structural and dosimetric properties of tooth enamel and its model systems, including synthetic apatites, are analyzed, along with advanced approaches for the registration, identification, and quantitative evaluation of EPR spectra.

Special attention is given to the practical aspects of dosimetry, including sample preparation, irradiation conditions, and algorithms for extracting dose-related information. Issues of dose–response linearity, energy dependence of the signal, and sources of uncertainty are critically discussed.

The relevance of the study arises from the increasing demand for reliable methods of individual dose assessment in cases of radiation accidents, as well as in medical and environmental dosimetry. EPR dosimetry based on tooth enamel demonstrates high potential as an independent tool for retrospective dose reconstruction, characterized by long-term signal stability and high sensitivity to ionizing radiation. The review integrates both theoretical and applied aspects of the method, contributing to a holistic understanding of its capabilities, limitations, and avenues for further development.

In conclusion, the prospects for advancing the method are outlined, including improvements in spectral analysis, refinement of signal formation models, and the broadening of EPR dosimetry applications in radiation protection and biomedical research.